Teochew word dêh4io1 壓腰

壓腰

Gang Hiog 江煜 discusses a Teochew word dêh4io1 壓腰

This post is not easy to learn for it assumes one has a good command of the Chinese language. There are lots of imported Standard Chinese words and Gang Hiog also made some mistakes. I was going to post this at a later date but today is Sunday and perhaps people will have more time to digest its contents. 

Cung1zoih4 gao3 la1

春節到啦｜春节到啦

Spring Festival has arrived.

Hia2 nang2 ain3 kioh8 zin5 bung1 lao6nang5 nou5gian2 dêh4iê1  潮州

Hia2 nang2 ain3 kioh8 zin5 bung1 lao6nang5 nou5gian2 dêh4io1  汕頭

㗾俺慾挈錢分老人孥囝壓腰｜㗾俺欲挈钱分老人孥囝压腰

Then we want to take money to give old people and children to be placed in the pockets of their undergarments.

I need to explain a few things here. We say ang5bao1 紅包 for money given as presents in red envelopes. However, during Chinese New Year, the money in red packets which parents give to their children are not called “ang5bao1” but called dêh4io1zin5. dêh4 means to press down io1 means waist but not in this case and io1 here is short for “dou2io1”. Children wear “dou2io1” which is an undergarment covering their chests and abdomens and the money is placed in the pockets of their “dou2io1” and thus this New Year money is called dêh4io1zin5. This is our Chinese New Year custom.

 

And you see the characters of Cung1zoih4 ming5sog8 written on the screen.
ming5sog8	民俗	custom
Cung1zoih4 ming5sog8	春節民俗｜春节民俗	Chinese New Year custom

壓 can be said as iab4 or dêh4

iab4

zêh4iab4	積壓｜积压	to overstock, to delay
iab4sog4	壓縮｜压缩	to compress, compression
goi2iab4sog4	解壓縮｜解压缩	to decompress
iab4sog4gi1	壓縮機｜压缩机	a compressor
gao1iab4uê1	高壓鍋｜高压锅	a pressure cooker
iab4lag8	壓力｜压力	pressure and stresses of life

dêh4

dêh4

壓｜压

to press down

iê1 [Teochew City] io1 [Swatow]

iê1	腰	Teochew City
io1	腰	Swatow
iê1 is from the word iê1zui1
iê1zui1	腰椎	Teochew City
io1zui1	腰椎	Swatow
iê1zui1 means lower backbone (lumbar vertebra)
dêh4io1	壓腰｜压腰
Hiê2 wei4shen2moh4 giê3zo3 “dêh4io1” nê7?
㗾為什麼叫做壓腰呢｜㗾为什么叫做压腰呢
He now speaks in broken Teochew! And he should have said:
Hia2 zo3ni5 giê3zo3 “dêh4iê1” nê7? [Teochew City]
Hia2 zo3ni5 gio3zo3 “dêh4io1” nê7? [Swatow]
㗾咋呢叫做壓腰呢｜㗾咋呢叫做压腰呢
Then why is it called “dêh4io1”?
iê1 ziu6si6 zi2 iê1dou2 [Teochew City]
io1 ziu6si6 zi2 io1dou2 [Swatow]
腰就是衹腰兜｜腰就是只腰兜
He has made a couple of mistakes with the use of characters and pronunciation. Zi2 for this is not this character指 and it is 衹｜只 A child’s undergarment is called dou2io1 and not iê1dou2 and on the screen he uses this dao1 character 兜 which is not said as dou.  Therefore, he should have said:
iê1 ziu6si6 zi2 dou2iê1 [Teochew City]
io1 ziu6si6 zi2 dou2io1 [Swatow]
腰就是衹腰兜｜腰就是只腰兜
The character io1 is exactly from this “dou2io1”
ziu6si6 dan3
就是呾
that is to say:
ba2 zin5 keng3 do6 iê1dou6 go3 giê3zo3 dêh4iê1 [Teochew City]
ba2 zin5 keng3 do6 io1dou6 go3 gio3zo3 dêh4io1 [Swatow]
把錢囥在腰兜塊叫做壓腰｜把钱囥在腰兜块叫做压腰
Before I translate the above: I should say he should have said
Gai2 zin5 keng3 do6 dou2io1 go3 gio3zo3 dêh4io1
把錢囥在肚腰塊叫做壓腰｜把钱囥在肚腰块叫做压腰
We do not say ba2 which is a Mandarin word and we say gai2 個 instead to mean to take
I think he is totally confused about what a child’s undergarment is called. In Mandarin it is called either 兜腰  or 肚兜  and in Teochew it is called dou2io1 肚腰
Gai2 zin5 keng3 do6 dou2iê1 go3 giê3zo3 dêh4iê1 [Teochew City]
Gai2 zin5 keng3 do6 dou2io1 go3 gio3zo3 dêh4io1 [Swatow]
個錢囥在肚腰塊叫做壓腰｜个钱囥在肚腰块叫做压腰
take the money and hide it in the undergarment and this is called “dêh4io1”
dou2iê1	肚腰	Teochew City
dou2io1	肚腰	Swatow
undergarment covering the chest and abdomen - Mandarin: du4dou1  肚兜

 

Hia2 kioh8 dêh4iê1zin5 riêng5ao6 gai5 lao6nang5 nou5gian2 sang3 ziên6 mui2ho2 gai7 zog4hog4 [Teochew City]
Hia2 kioh8 dêh4io1zin5 riang5ao6 gai5 lao6nang5 nou5gian2 sang3 zion6 mui2ho2 gai7 zog4hog4 [Swatow]
㗾挈壓腰錢然後個老人孥囝送上美好個祝福｜㗾挈压腰钱然后个老人孥囝送上美好个祝福
Then take the Chinese New Year gift money and then give it to old people and children, a beautiful kind of blessing.
dêh4io1zin5	壓腰錢｜压腰钱	money given to children as New Year present Mandarin: ya1sui4qian2 壓歲錢
riang5ao6	然後｜然后	afterwards, then afterwards, after that
mui2ho2	美好	beautiful, fine
zog4hog4	祝福	blessings, to wish somebody well

 

Zia2 si6 nang2 Diê5ring5 hong5iang5 Dong1hua5 ming5zog8 zung1lao6ain3iu3 tuêng5tong2 mui2dêg4 gai7 ti2hing7 [Teochew City]

Zia2 si6 nang2 Dio5ring5 hong5iang5 Dong1hua5 ming5zog8 zung1lao6ain3iu3 tuang5tong2 mui2dêg4 gai7 ti2hing7 [Swatow]

者是俺潮人弘揚中華民族尊老愛幼傳統美德個體現｜者是俺潮人弘扬中华民族尊老爱幼传统美德个体现

And he should have said:

Zia2 si6 nang2 Diê5ring5 hong5iang5 Dong1hua5 ming5zog8 ain3lao6sioh4iun3 tuêng5tong2 mui2dêg4 gai7 ti2hing7 [Teochew City]

Zia2 si6 nang2 Dio5ring5 hong5iang5 Dong1hua5 ming5zog8 ain3lao6sioh4iun3 tuang5tong2 mui2dêg4 gai7 ti2hing7 [Swatow]

者是俺潮人弘揚中華民族愛老惜幼傳統美德個體現｜者是俺潮人弘扬中华民族爱老惜幼传统美德个体现

This is our Teochew people promoting traditional virtuous embodiment of the Chinese people’s respecting the old and loving the young.

 

Dio5ring5	潮人	Teochew people
hong5iang5	弘揚｜弘扬	to promote, to enrich, to enhance
Dong1hua5 ming5zog8	中華民族｜中华民族	The Chinese people
zung1lao6ain3iu3	尊老愛幼｜尊老爱幼	to respect the old and cherish the young
He said “zung1lao6ain3iu3” and our Teochew expression is “ain3lao6sioh4iun3”
ain3lao6sioh4iun3	愛老惜幼｜爱老惜幼	to love the old and young
tuêng5tong2	傳統｜传统	Teochew City
tuang5tong2	傳統｜传统	Swatow
tuang5tong2 means traditional, tradition or convention
mui2dêg4	美德	virtue
Germany is called 美德 Mui2dêg4
ti2hing7	體現｜体现	embodiment, embody, reflect

 

sleeves - rolling up sleeves discussing zah4 扱 and ung2 䘼 [Swatow ng2]

扱䘼

Gang Hiog 江煜 discusses rolling up and sleeves

zah4

扱

to roll up

This character zah4 扱 is listed in LLL’s dictionary and not in ZXS’s. CZYZD is spells it correctly as zah4 and Mogher has spelled it incorrectly as zab4 and Gang Hiog said zah4 on the video and spelled it as zab4 on the video screen. I say zah4. How do you say to roll up in Teochew Uê?

zah4 ki2 ciu2 ng2 [Swatow and other places]
zah4 ki2 ciu2 ung2 [Teochew City only]
扱起手䘼
to roll up one’s sleeves
ciu2ung2 dioh8 gai7 i1 zah4 iao1 guin5
手䘼著個伊扱夭危｜手䘼着个伊扱夭危
Roll up the sleeves relatively higher.
deng5ung2	長䘼｜长䘼	long sleeves
do2ung2	短䘼	short sleeves
ciu2ung2	手䘼	sleeves

And in Swatow these would be said as:

deng5ng2	長䘼｜长䘼	long sleeves
do2ng2	短䘼	short sleeves
ciu2ng2	手䘼	sleeves

zah4 扱

zah4	扱	to roll up
mang2 ki2	挽起	to roll up
guêng6ki2 [Teochew]	捲起｜卷起	to roll up
guang6ki2 [Swatow]	捲起｜卷起	to roll up

 

Teochew words gam2 䃭 and buê2 掊

䃭掊

Gang Hiog 江煜 discusses the Teochew words gam2 䃭 and buê2 掊

in2zoin5 zo3 nou5gian2 gêng1sion5 oi6 lai2ke3 koi1sua1ba3 go3 gam2 hung1guah4
以前做孥囝經時會來去溪沙壩塊䃭番葛｜以前做孥囝经时会来去溪沙坝块䃭番葛
Previously as a child, often would go to the sandy banks of a river to bury sweet potato.
koi1sua1ba3	溪沙壩｜溪沙坝	a river’s sandy embankment
gam2	䃭	to bury
iam2mai5	掩埋	to bury
Sweet potato is called different things in different places and I have listed them for your information.
hung1guah4 潮州府城	番葛	Teochew 潮州府城
huang1ze5	番薯	Swatow 汕頭 Dio'ang 潮安Gig'Ion 揭陽
huang1guah4	番葛	Têng'hai 澄海
huang1zu5	番薯	Dio'Ion 潮陽
gêng1sion5	經常｜经常	often, frequently
gêng1siên5    潮州府城	經常｜经常	often, frequently

buê2 掊

Hia2 gah4 zi2gai5 ri7 i3ngi6 siang1huang2 gai7 “buê2kui1” gai7 buê2 zo3ni5 sia2 nê7?
㗾佮衹個字意義相反個 “掊開” 個 “掊” 咋呢寫呢｜㗾佮只个字意义相反个 “掊开” 个 “掊” 咋呢写呢
Then how does one write the character with the opposite meaning to this character?
i3ngi6	意義｜意义	meaning, significance, importance
siang1huang2	相反	opposite
siang1huêng2 潮州府城	相反	opposite
buê2kui1	掊開｜掊开	to pry open, to pry apart, to spread something open with both hands

pou2 掊

pou2kêg4	掊擊｜掊击	to attack, lash out at
pêng5kêg4	抨擊｜抨击	to attack verbally or in writing

  

If you were to watch this video, you will hear the younger brother using the word buê2 掊 to mean turn over in this case. 

unfair manner or in an unreasonable way

Do you know how to say “to act in a high-handed and unfair manner or use authority in an unreasonable way” in Teochew Uê?

You can hear the man saying “huêⁿ5 ga1li2gêh8 橫咖理逆” and this is how one say about a person or a government or an institution which is acting in an unfair manner or in an unreasonable way.

kiang3 強｜强

強

Gang Hiog 江煜 discusses kiang3 強｜强 which is similar to ghao5 

ghao5	𠢕	clever
ghao5	𠢕	capable, competent
cong1mêng5	聰明｜聪明	intelligent, clever, bright, smart

kiang5

kiang5dai6	強大｜强大	formidable, large, powerful, strong
kiang5zang3	強壯｜强壮	strong, sturdy, robust
kiang5ngên6	強硬｜强硬	tough, unyielding, maintaining a hard-line

giang2

miêng2giang2	勉強｜勉强	Teochew City
miang2giang2	勉強｜勉强	Swatow
to do something with difficulties, to force someone to do something, reluctant

kiang3

kiang3	強｜强	intelligent, clever, bright, smart
cong1mêng5	聰明｜聪明	intelligent, clever, bright, smart
kiang3	強｜强	capable, competent
lêng5gang3	能幹｜能干	capable, competent